Why is a bond's price sensitivity to yield the same number as the present-value-weighted average of its payment dates?
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The price-yield curve and its slope
Sketch price against yield as downward-sloping and convex, identify the slope as the risk measure, and record that longer maturity means a larger price move per basis point.
Macaulay duration
Define the weights , show that they sum to one, and state that a zero-coupon bond's duration equals its maturity.
Modified duration
Differentiate the price formula with respect to to derive , and state how duration extends to a portfolio using present-value weights.
Worked example: the four-year 7% T-note
Build the semi-annual table for the note priced at 103.50 to yield 6%, reach and half-years, and convert modified duration to annual units.